Promoting the 90-year-glorious tradition and continuing to renew an, improve the Party’s mass mobilization work in the new situation
Communist Review - Mass mobilization is identified as a strategic task of the revolutionary cause, throughout the periods of the struggle for national independence, the resistance against colonialism and imperialism, the construction and defense of the Socialist Fatherland. The rich and vivid reality of the mobilization work in the past 90 years (October 15, 1930 - October 15, 2020) is a testament to President Ho Chi Minh's profound teaching: “People’s resources are very potential. The mass mobilization work is critical. Ineffective mass mobilization leads to poor performance in everything. Effective mass mobilization leads to success in everything”.
President Ho Chi Minh visited peasants of Hung Son Cooperative in Dai Tu District, Thai Nguyen Province, who were harvesting rice, (1954) _Photo: hochiminh.vn
The historical stages of Party's mass mobilization work: 90 years of close-knit bond with the people
In October 1999, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the article entitled “Mass Mobilization”(1) by President Ho Chi Minh, at the request of the Central Mass Mobilization Commission, the 8th Politburo decided to select the date of October 15th, 1930 as the traditional day of the Party's mass mobilization work, and the fifteenth of October as the whole country’s Mass Mobilization Day to enhance the study and following of Uncle Ho’s teachings(2). Over the past 90 years of construction and development, the mass mobilization work has always been an important part of the Party building work, having strategic significance for the entire revolutionary cause, contributing to ensuring the leadership of the Party, consolidating and strengthening the close-knit bond between the Party, the State and the people.
Under the light of Marxism-Leninism, with many years’ experience from tramping about through thick and thin in search of the way to save the country, President Ho Chi Minh pointed out that the source of the Party's power derives from the people’s great strength, from its close-knit bond with the people, and from the people's faith in the Party. During years traveling across continents, such as Europe, Asia, America, Africa, the young hard-working proletarian Nguyen Ai Quoc started mobilizing the patriotic masses, with the establishment of the Association of the Vietnamese Patriots in France in 1917, on behalf of the Association, he sent to the Versailles Conference the Claims of the Annamese People in June 1919, causing a stir in French and world politics; together with a number of African revolutionary activists, he founded the Union of French Colonial Nations in 1921, published the newspaper La Paria; participating in establishing the Union of Asian Oppressed Nations in 1925, publishing famous works The Indictment of French Colonialism; established the Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League in Guangzhou (China) in 1925, directly engaged in training faithful soldiers as the core force in disseminating Marxism-Leninism and sowing revolutionary faith and a sense of unity amongst social strata via the work titled The Revolutionary Path (1927), thereby creating a historic turning point with the foundation of the Communist Party of Vietnam on February 3rd, 1930. The first Political Platform passed at the Party Founding Conference identified the central contents of the Vietnamese revolution, met the urgent requirements of the nation and the earnest aspirations of the vast majority of the people and developed strategies to attract and widely gather people from all walks of life as the revolutionary forces under the Party’s flag.
Facing the situation of mass organizations with only 2,747 members in Tonkin and 327 members in Cochin China(3), right after the establishment of the Conference, on behalf of the Communist International and the Communist Party of Vietnam, Comrade Nguyen Ai Quoc issued an Appeal to workers, peasants, soldiers, youth, pupils and all the oppressed and exploited compatriots. He stressed: “The Communist Party of Indochina is founded. It is the Party of the working class. It will help the proletarian class to lead the Annamese revolution in order to struggle for all the oppressed and exploited people. From now on we must join the Party, help it and follow it”(4). Considering mass mobilisation as an urgent political task in response to “white terror” and demagogy by the colonial regime, the Central Party Committee’s first Conference (from 14th October – 31st October, 1930 in Hong Kong, China) approved Resolutions on the mobilisation of workers, peasants, communist youth, women and troops as well as on relief and anti-imperialist alliance. Those Resolutions clearly stated that: “Within high-level Party Organisations (provincial and municipal level and above), there should be specialised committees and cadres in charge of mobilising social strata,”(5) laid the foundation for the rapid establishment of Party’s mobilization system with professional boards and cadre contingents, including Worker Mobilisation, Peasant Mobilisation, Youth Mobilisation, Women Mobilisation, Military Mobilisation, and Anti-Imperialist Front so as to gather, educate and encourage the masses to take part in revolutionary movements against oppression and exploitation for the sake of the people’s rights and democracy under the Party’s leadership. On November 18, 1930, the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of Indochina issued a directive on the formation of Anti-Imperialist Alliance – the first organisational form of the Vietnam National United Front, expressing the Party's perception from emphasizing class solidarity to raising the importance of the strength of national unity in the national liberation revolution
First cadres in charge of mass mobilisation “proletarianised” themselves together with the people and conducted the work of propagation to establish mass organisations behind the Party and add an incentive to the Vietnamese revolution under the motto of “tapping our strength to free ourselves”. The 1930-1931 revolutionary movement with the Nghe - Tinh Soviet movement as its peak marked a milestone as a fledgling party expressed its role, prestige and remarkable capacity to lead, unite and mobilise the masses, as President Ho Chi Minh affirmed that “It is a strong and unprecedented mass mobilization in our country”, “proving the glorious spirit and revolutionary capacity of the Vietnamese working people”(6) . During the most difficult and arduous years when the colonial government carried out the “white terror” and used all kinds of barbarous and brutal means to suppress, destroy, and sever the Party’s ties with the masses and the revolutionary units, it was the people's absolute belief and love, the people's sacrifices, protection and defense that strengthened the Party's resilience and steadfastness over the losses and damages, to face all tough challenges, maintain the faith of the people in the revolutionary future and leadership of the Party. The Party's right and timely policy on expanding the great solidarity of the entire people, strengthening the front work, creating a new development step in building the mass political force, gathering people from a variety of social strata, including patriotic personalities, intellectuals, nationalist bourgeois and foreigners, ... by means of public, legal, semi-legal struggles had promoted the struggle movement to fight for people's welfare and democracy in 1936 - 1939, the anti-imperialist movement in 1939-1941 and the Viet Minh Front movement in 1941 - 1945. On May 19, 1941, the Eighth Conference of the Central Committee of the Indochina Communist Party, at the request of the leader Nguyen Ai Quoc, has decided to change the name of the National Anti-imperialist United Front in Indochina to the League for the Independence of Vietnam (Viet Minh). Under the leadership of the Party, the Viet Minh Front, with the right and widespread policies, has become the center gathering all strata of people in all parts of the country to enthusiastically participate in the “national salvation” organizations(7), rapidly developing forces from rural to urban areas, from highlands to plains, arousing a spirit of passionate patriotism and the strength of great national unity on the basis of public alliances of workers and peasants, creating a vibrant revolutionary momentum, making an important contribution to the General Uprising to seize power, making victory over the August Revolution in 1945, giving birth to the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on September 2, 1945. The victory of the August Revolution affirmed the correctness of the first political Platform, being a flag to unite and gather a large number of people, a victory of the Party's mass mobilization art and strategy, as President Ho Chi Minh affirmed: “The entire people force is the greatest force. No one can beat that force”(8). With only several thousands of members, the Party placed its absolute faith in the people’s immense strength, maintained a close-knit bond with the people, understood the people’s aspirations, relied on the people, supported the people, rendered the people fully aware of the path towards independence, freedom and happiness, mobilised the people into fronts and politico-social organisations, and provided instructions for the people on our struggle from low to high levels to unite to raise up in arms againts colonialism and feudalism to get power into the hands of the people, to achieve the victory of the people’s national democratic revolution, building the first worker-peasant government in the Southeast Asia, opening a new era of independence, freedom and socialism construction in the national history.
From his deep experience in building revolutionary forces, during the 30 years from 1945 to 1975, he led the cause of the resistance war against the French colonialists and the American imperialists, unified the country, built and defended the Fatherland. The Party has always paid attention to, strengthened, and regularly carried out the national mass mobilization work in all circumstances and areas, towards all walks of life to gather and arouse synergy with practical revolutionary movements. Deeply aware that the enemy would possibly damage the close-knit bond between the Party and the people, the Party Central Committee Standing Board issued a Directive, dated September 1st, 1947 on the mass mobilisation work, underlining that “the enemy is employing brutal, cunning stratagems to divide, deceive and panic the people; therefore, mass mobilisation is now an important task of the Viet Minh”(9); along with the task of building the Party to maintain the leadership role, strenghthen the people’s faith, in his famous work “Changing the way of working”, President Ho Chi Minh required that “we must keep in close contact with the masses; do not stay away from the people or we will be isolated and fail for sure”(10) and pointed out that the motivation to promote mass mobilization is that: “The government and the Party are just planning to liberate the people, so anything done is in the interests of the people and responsible to the people”(11). Forms and measures to consolidate the great national unity bloc have been expanded with the establishment of the Vietnamese National Popular League on May 29, 1946 and the reunification of Viet Minh and Lien Viet into the Vietnamese National Popular Front on March 3, 1951, attracting more patriotic parties, nonpartisan patriotic people, regardless of class, religion, ethnicity, or political tendency. The Patriotic Emulation Movement, a form of gathering people launched by President Ho Chi Minh, quickly and deeply responded by all walks of life, aroused the people’s revolutionary will and enthusiasm and encouraged them to combat the enemy and work for the Homeland; at the same time, strengthening agitprop among enemy troops, breaking the ranks of the puppet army and the puppet government; tens of thousands of conscripted labourers turned towards the front line to transport food and weapons to serve the campaigns, with the ultimate victory of Dien Bien Phu that “resounded across five continents and shook the globe”. The French people had to sign the 1954 Geneva Agreement, which ended the war of invasion in Vietnam.
In the period 1954 - 1975, the country was temporarily divided into two regions, the North became a big rear to support human and wealth for the cause of the resistance against the US in the South; the task of consolidating the great national unity bloc, building the Front and strong mass organizations had always been concerned. On September 10, 1955, the Vietnam Fatherland Front was born, strengthened the unity of all national forces and democracy, encouraged fellow citizens and soldiers to uphold revolutionary heroism, all for the consanguineous South. In the South, on December 20, 1960, the National Congress of the South, meeting at Tay Ninh base, decided to establish the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam. Thanks to focusing on renewing contents and methods, the mobilization has been deployed extensively in all levels, branches, fields, all classes of people in the country and people who love peace in the world; bringing into play the collective strength of the entire nation, combining with the power of the times and achieving encouraging achievements in the work of building socialism in the North; to make a solid support for the South Vietnamese army and people(12) organized many sweeping movements, in turn defeating the war strategies of the US imperialism, completely liberating the South, unifying the country into April 30, 1975. With the great victory in the spring of 1975, the country entered a new era - a period of peace, independence, unification, the whole country transitioned to socialism. In implementing the Resolution of the 24th Conference of the 3rd Central Executive Committee, in 1976, the Fatherland Front and mass organizations were unified and directed from the central to grassroots levels(13).
The 6th Congress of the Party in 1986, with the spirit of looking directly at the truth, renewing thinking, renewing the organization and staff, renewing the working style, marked an important step, opening up a period of new development of the country, of the political system and meeting the expectations of the people. The political report at the Congress emphasized the first of the four major lessons drawn through revolutionary practice, that is “in all its activities, the Party must grasp the thought of “taking the people as the root”, building and promoting the right of the people to work collectively”; “Special care must be taken to strengthen the relationship between the Party and the people”(14). That thought continues to develop, strongly and deeply affirmed in the Country Construction Platform in the period of transition to socialism in 1991 (Platform 1991), all activities of the Party must start from the true interests and aspirations of the people. The Party's strength lies in its close attachment to the people. In the renovation work, performing the task of building “the people's hearts battle”, ensuring the conditions for the Party to rise to the level of the task has set an urgent requirement on renewing the contents and modes of mobilization work of the Party. On that basis, the Eighth Conference of the VI Central Executive Committee issued Resolution No. 08B-NQ/HNTW, dated March 27, 1990, on “Renovating the Party's mass work, strengthening the the relationship between the Party and the people”, focusing on overcoming the situation that a part of cadres and party members are bureaucratic, imperative, distant from the people, autocratic, authoritarian, embezzlement, bribery, luxury, romantic life fees, reducing revolutionary enthusiasm, limiting the promotion of the great ability of the people in the cause of national construction. The mobilization work sets out the requirements that must be renovated and conducted synchronously in the entire political system; creating a driving force to promote mass movements, meeting the practical interests of the people, harmoniously combining citizen interests and obligations; diversifying forms of force gathering; upholding the responsibility of the Party, the State, and mass organizations for the Party's mass work.
The great and important achievements of nearly 35 years of implementing the renovation, 30 years of implementing the 1991 Platform, 10 years of implementing the 1991 Platform (additional and developing in 2011) continue to affirm that the cause of revolution is the career of the masses, building a close relationship between the Party and the people is the condition to ensure the Party's role and leadership capacity. Documents in the past 7 periods of the National Party Congress in the renovation work have always focused on reviewing and evaluating on building and promoting the strength of great national unity, socialist democracy and the ownership of the people; from there, set out the goals, tasks and solutions for the mass mobilization work in line with the requirements and plans of the country development in each specific period. Strengthening the leadership of mobilization in the renovation period, the Central Committee, the Politburo, and the Secretariat have issued many documents, including: Directive No. 30-CT/TW, dated February 18, 1998, “On the formulation and implementation of the Grassroots Democracy Regulation”; Resolutions No. 23, 24, 25, term IX in 2003, on promoting the strength of great national solidarity, national work, religious work; Decision No. 290-QĐ/TW, dated February 25, 2010, of the Politburo, “On the promulgation of the Regulation on mobilization of the political system”; documents that create conditions for people and mass organizations to comment, monitor, criticize, contribute to building the Party, a clean and strong political system, such as Decision No. 217-QĐ/TW, dated December 12, 2013, of the Politburo, “Regarding the promulgation of the Regulation on supervision and social criticism of the Vietnam Fatherland Front and socio-political organizations”; Decision No. 218-QĐ/TW, dated December 12, 2013, of the Politburo, “Promulgating regulations on the Vietnam Fatherland Front, socio-political organizations and people participating in their comments. building the Party, building the government”; Decision No. 124-QĐ/TW, dated February 2, 2018, of the Secretariat, “On the supervision of the Vietnam Fatherland Front, socio-political organizations and the people for cultivation, training morality and lifestyle of the head, key cadres and cadres, party members”,... Especially the Resolution No. 25-NQ/TW, dated June 3, 2013, of the XI Central Executive Committee, on “Strengthening and renewing the Party's leadership in the mobilization work in the new situation”. On the basis of assessing the situation, clarifying challenges to mass mobilization in terms of the Party in power, building a socialist rule-of-law State, developing a socialist-oriented market economy, and Extensive international integration, the Resolution affirms 5 points of view and 7 tasks of implementing the mobilization work in the new situation. In addition, many documents of the Party related to the mobilization work, the Vietnam Fatherland Front, socio-political organizations and mass associations have been issued to raise awareness and responsibility of the Party committees, party organizations, the political system for public mobilization, promoting the people's mastery, building a block of great national unity in the cause of national renewal, construction and defense.
Over the years, under the Party’s leadership, with efforts made by the whole political system, the mass mobilisation work has continued to be enhanced and renewed, while obtaining many good results. Emphasis has been placed on carrying out state agencies’ mass mobilisation; from 2018, realising 6 central contents of the “Year of governments’ mass mobilisation” synchronously at all levels, enhancing its responsibility for the people’s life, ensuring the people’s legal and legitimate rights and interests; improving the public service’s ethics and spirit, creating conditions for people to supervise and participate in building a clean and strong government towards “really believing the people, respecting the people, understanding the people, learning from the people, relying on the people, and being responsible for the people”. The Fatherland Fronts and politico-social organisations at all levels have renewed and expanded the method of exercising supervision and social criticism and providing opinions on building the Party and governments. Patriotic emulation movements have been combined with the study and following of Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, ethics and lifestyle and the emulation movement of “clever mass mobilisation” with tens of thousands of typical models and examples, thereby spreading and translating Uncle’s moral example in “Mass Mobilization” into life. A contingent of cadres in charge of mass mobilisation has been consolidated while their capacity to give advice to the Party has been improved to renew the mass mobilisation work to meet the requirements of the new situation, coordinated to promote mass mobilization work in the political system and to attach importance to the government’s mass mobilization at all levels; and contribute to creating a sense of consensus within the society, encouraging all people to take part in the Homeland construction and defence, promoting the national great unity block’s strength, and making the Party and political system pure and strong. Doing so has helped cement the people’s faith and confirm the mechanism of “the Party’s leadership, the State’s management and the people’s mastery” in reality. With those outstanding achievements, the Central Mass Mobilisation Commission was given the Gold Star Order (2002), the Ho Chi Minh Order (2015), the First-Class Labour Order (2010, 2015 and 2019) and many other noble rewards by the Party and the State.
Promoting the traditional values and continuing to improve the mass mobilisation work in the new situation
Throughout an over-90-year long history of Vietnamese Communist Party, deeply aware that the cause of revolution is the career of the masses which requires building a close-knit bond between the Party and the people, grasping the idea of President Ho Chi Minh regarding mass mobilization, the 1991 Political Platform (supplemented and developed in 2011) affirmed: The revolutionary cause belongs to the people, by the people and for the people. It is the people who make historic victories. All operations of the Party must be aimed at the people’s legitimate benefits and aspirations. The Party’s strength lies in its close-knit bond with the people. Bureaucracy, corruption and distancing from the people will lead to unpredictable consequences for the survival of the country, the socialist regime and the Party.
During the term of the 12th Congress, under the leadership of the Party, we have implemented key objectives and tasks and recorded many important achievements. Despite the difficulties and challenges in the domestic and foreign contexts, our country's economy still maintains a relatively high growth rate, with a fairly stable macroeconomy; welfare and social security have been strengthened, epidemics have been controlled, the fields of health, education, culture, society, and people's lives have been improved; national defense, security and foreign affairs were maintained; the contruction and rectification of the Party has been comprehensively paid attention to on political, ideological, organizational and ethical aspects; the prevention and fight against corruption, negativeness and wastefulness have achieved many positive results, the people's faith in the Party, the State and the socialist system has been strengthened. One of the lessons learned is: “In all pieces of work of the Party and the State, it is vital to “take the people as the roots”, really believe the people, respect and promote the people’s right to mastery, and persistently realise the principle “the people know, the people discuss, the people do, the people inspect, the people supervise and the people enjoy”. The people must be at the centre of the national renewal. All guidelines and policies must be aimed at the people’s legitimate aspirations, rights and benefits. The Party must ensure the people’s life and benefits, build a close-knit bond with the people, rely on the people to build itself, and use the people’s satisfaction and creditability as an important yardstick for assessing the quality of governments, cadres and party members. To cement the people’s faith in the Party, it is essential to resolutely purify the Party’s pool of cadres, settle the degradation in morality and lifestyle amongst a section of cadres and party members, build really pure, strong party organisations and make the Party “the people’s true leader and loyal servant”(15).
Officers and soldiers of the Vietnam People's Navy present the national flag to fishermen and mobilize people to participate in protecting the sacred sovereignty of the Fatherland’s sea and islands. _Photo: baohaiquanvietnam.vn
In the upcoming time, there will be complex, rapid, unpredictable changes in the global and regional situation. Our country will still face a lot of difficulties in socio-economic development, defence, security and the people’s life. There are several weaknesses in building and rectifying the Party, building the political system and controlling the power that must be quickly overcome. The 13th National Party Congress will continue setting targets of socio-economic development, defence, security, diplomacy and national development at a higher level. Motivations for the country’s development in the following period include patriotism, national self-reliance, the synergy of the political system and Vietnamese culture and people as well as the national strength combined with the strength of the times. To achieve success in the Homeland construction and defence, it is vital to enhance the Party’s leadership and make our Party, State and political system pure and strong. Therefore, the Party’s mass mobilisation work must continue to be renewed and improved, with a focus on the following tasks and measures:
Firstly, a positive change in the awareness and action of party committees and political system towards the mass mobilisation work should be made. The people’s role in building a pure, strong Party and State should be promoted. It is necessary to renew the mass mobilisation work practically, creatively, consider work results, the people’s satisfaction and creditability as an important yardstick for assessing the quality of governments, cadres and party members, cement the people’s faith in the Party and the State, and encourage the national great unity block’s strength.
Secondly, it is important to well perform the mass mobilisation work within state agencies. 1- Emphasis should be placed on promoting the people’s role in developing and implementing policies and laws, sustaining a balance of legitimate benefits between the State, businesses and the people. Due attention should be paid to perfecting and concretising the mechanism of “the Party’s leadership, the State’s management and the people’s mastery” and the motto: “the people know, the people discuss, the people do, and the people inspect”. The quality of constituency surgery, supervision, social criticism, and dialogue with the people should be raised while the handling of the people’s complaints and denunciations should be enhanced. 2-Consideration should be given to strengthening public service ethics, inspecting the exercise of public service, and promoting the role model-setting responsibility of cadres and party members, especially the key ones. Besides, it is important to resolutely fight against the signs of apathy, bureaucracy, corruption and irresponsibility for the people. Simultaneously, we should raise the civic responsibility and strictly handle violations of law. 3-Due regard should be paid to well implementing the Regulation on Democracy at grass-roots level, opportunely fulfilling the people’s legitimate aspirations, and grasping the people’s situation. A focus should be placed on completely settling the urgent issues relating to the people’s life and collective complaints to avoid “hot spots” in terms of public order and security.
Thirdly, due attention should be paid to stepping up patriotic emulation movements, well carrying out the emulation movement of “clever mass mobilisation”, actively commending and multiplying good models and typical examples of mass mobilisation. Moreover, emphasis should be placed on renewing the operation and organisation of the Fatherland Fronts, politico-social organisations and mass organisations in a more practical and effective fashion. The effectiveness of supervision and social criticism should be improved. Due regard should be paid to selecting, training and encouraging cadres in charge of the mass mobilisation work. Cadres with a lack of ethics or violations of discipline must not be tasked with the mass mobilisation work.
Fourthly, the Party building and rectification as well as the fight against corruption should be stepped up. The role model-setting responsibility of heads of party committees, authorities, offices and organisations should be raised. Furthermore, importance should be attached to combating wrong viewpoints and arguments. It is also necessary to effectively execute the Statute on the political system’s mass mobilisation work, actively inspect and supervise the implementation of the Party’s guidelines on the mass mobilisation work.
With a 90-year glorious tradition, the Party's mass mobilization work has really contributed to the revolutionary cause of the Party. The Party's leadership and fighting capacity, building a close-knit bond between the Party and people is required to be improved in the following stage of development, as Vietnam sets the goal of becoming a developing, modern industrial country on the Party’s 100th founding anniversary and it will become a developed, high-income nation on the 100th founding anniversary of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Thus, the mass mobilisation work must keep promoting its tradition, act as an important bridge between the Party and the people, and make contributions to consolidating the people’s faith in the Party, building and firmly protecting the Homeland in the new period./.
This article was published in the Communist Review, No. 951 (October 2020)
-----------------------------
(1) Published in Truth newspaper, No. 120, dated October 15, 1949
(2) Announcement of Politburo's Opinion No. 293-CV/TW, dated October 14, 1999
(3) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2011, Vol. 3, p.15
(4), (5) Complete Party Documents, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2002, Vol. 2, p. 16, 113
(6) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, ibid, Vol. 12, p. 407 – 408.
(7) National Salvation Unions of Peasants, Workers, Women, Youth and Militias...
(8) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, ibid, Vol. 4, p. 19
(9) Complete Party Documents, ibid, Vol. 8, p. 285 - 286
(10), (11) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Works, ibid, Vol. 5, p. 278, 285
(12) Implementing mass mobilization and communication work to recruit military aid for the South, there were nearly 50,000 young men enlisted in three years (1973 - 1975); only in 2 years (1973 - 1974) there were 379,000 tons of material transferred from the North into the fronts, equaling 54% of the total amount of material used for the battlefield during the previous 16 years; from 1972 to 1974, thousands of ideological officials were sent to the South to communicate and mobilize the masses to struggle. (Central Mass Mobilization Commission: The history of mass mobilization work of the Communist Party of Vietnam, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2015, p. 353).
(13) On April 25, 1976, the people nationwide conducted the General election to the National Assembly for the whole country; the first session of the unified National Assembly took place from June 24 to July 2, 1976; the Secretariat issued Decision No. 253-NQ/TW, dated May 24, 1976, “On the unification of people's unions and the unification of the Front”, on that basis, the conference to unify the unions was organizing: Ho Chi Minh Labour Youth Union on March 26, 1976; Vietnam Trade Union from June 6-8, 1976; Vietnam Women's Union from June 10-12, 1976; Vietnam Youth Union from September 20-21, 1976; Vietnam Fatherland Front from January 31 to February 4, 1977
(14) Complete Party Documents, ibid, Vol. 47, p. 362 - 363
(15) General Secretary, President Nguyen Phu Trong, Head of Subcommittee on Documents of the XIII Congress of the Party: “Well-preparing and carrying out the XIII Congress of the Party, bringing the country into a new stage of development”, Communist Review, No. 949, September 2020, p. 7